Updated: December 29, 2025 | Physics carries 25% weightage in NEET with 45 questions worth 180 marks. This comprehensive guide covers all 20 Physics chapters from Class 11 & 12 NCERT with detailed topics, formulas, and chapter-wise weightage based on previous year analysis.

Key Stats: 45 Questions | 180 Marks | 45 Minutes Recommended | Class 11 (45%) + Class 12 (55%)

1. NEET Physics 2026 Overview

The NEET Physics syllabus 2026, released by NTA on December 23, 2025, includes 20 units covering mechanics, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, optics, and modern physics.

Parameter	Details
Total Questions	45 MCQs (all compulsory)
Total Marks	180 marks
Marking Scheme	+4 for correct, -1 for incorrect
Total Units	20 (10 from Class 11, 10 from Class 12)
Recommended Time	45 minutes
Difficulty Level	Moderate to High

2. Class 11 Physics Syllabus (10 Units)

Class 11 contributes approximately 45% of Physics questions (20-21 questions). Focus areas include Mechanics and Thermodynamics.

Unit 1: Physical World & Measurement

Weightage: 0-1 Question

Physics: Scope and excitement
SI Units: Base units, derived units
Dimensional Analysis: Checking equations, deriving formulas
Errors in Measurement: Absolute, relative, percentage errors
Significant Figures: Rules and calculations

Key Formulas: [A] = [M^aL^bT^c], Relative error = Δa/a

Unit 2: Kinematics ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Motion in One Dimension

Position, displacement, velocity, acceleration
Equations of motion: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as
Motion under gravity: Free fall, vertical projection
Position-time and velocity-time graphs

Motion in Two Dimensions

Vectors: Addition, subtraction, scalar and vector products
Projectile Motion: Range R = (u²sin2θ)/g, Max height H = (u²sin²θ)/2g, Time of flight T = 2usinθ/g
Relative Velocity: v_AB = v_A - v_B
Uniform Circular Motion: Centripetal acceleration a = v²/r

Common Question Types: Projectile on inclined plane, relative motion problems, graphical analysis

Unit 3: Laws of Motion ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Newton's First Law: Inertia, inertial frames
Newton's Second Law: F = ma, momentum p = mv
Newton's Third Law: Action-reaction pairs
Friction: Static (μ_s) and kinetic (μ_k) friction, f = μN
Circular Motion: Banking of roads, conical pendulum
Connected Bodies: Pulley systems, string constraints

Key Formulas: Impulse J = FΔt = Δp, Centripetal force F = mv²/r

Unit 4: Work, Energy & Power ⭐ HIGHEST-YIELD

Weightage: 3-4 Questions

Work: W = F·d·cosθ, work done by variable force
Kinetic Energy: KE = ½mv²
Potential Energy: Gravitational PE = mgh, Elastic PE = ½kx²
Work-Energy Theorem: W_net = ΔKE
Conservation of Energy: Total mechanical energy constant
Power: P = W/t = F·v, efficiency η = (P_output/P_input) × 100%
Collisions: Elastic (e=1), inelastic (e<1), coefficient of restitution

Unit 5: Rotational Motion ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Centre of Mass: Position, velocity, acceleration of COM
Moment of Inertia: I = Σm_ir_i², parallel and perpendicular axis theorems
Torque: τ = r × F = Iα
Angular Momentum: L = Iω, conservation of angular momentum
Rotational Kinetic Energy: KE_rot = ½Iω²
Rolling Motion: v = ωR, pure rolling condition

Body	Moment of Inertia (I)
Solid Sphere	(2/5)MR²
Hollow Sphere	(2/3)MR²
Solid Cylinder/Disc	(1/2)MR²
Thin Rod (center)	(1/12)ML²
Ring/Hoop	MR²

Unit 6: Gravitation

Weightage: 1-2 Questions

Newton's Law of Gravitation: F = Gm₁m₂/r²
Gravitational Field: g = GM/R², variation with altitude and depth
Gravitational Potential: V = -GM/r, potential energy U = -GMm/r
Escape Velocity: v_e = √(2GM/R) = √(2gR)
Orbital Motion: v_o = √(GM/r), time period T = 2π√(r³/GM)
Kepler's Laws: Elliptical orbits, equal areas, T² ∝ r³

Unit 7: Properties of Solids & Fluids

Weightage: 1-2 Questions

Elasticity: Stress, strain, Young's modulus Y = Stress/Strain
Pressure: P = F/A, Pascal's law
Surface Tension: S = F/L, capillary rise h = 2Scosθ/(ρgr)
Viscosity: Newton's law of viscosity, Stokes' law F = 6πηrv
Fluid Dynamics: Equation of continuity A₁v₁ = A₂v₂, Bernoulli's theorem

Unit 8: Thermodynamics ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Thermal Equilibrium: Zeroth law of thermodynamics
First Law: ΔU = Q - W, internal energy, heat, work
Thermodynamic Processes: Isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, isochoric
Second Law: Heat engines, refrigerators, Carnot cycle
Efficiency: η = 1 - T₂/T₁ (Carnot), COP = T₂/(T₁-T₂)

Unit 9: Kinetic Theory of Gases

Weightage: 1-2 Questions

Ideal Gas Equation: PV = nRT
Kinetic Energy: KE = (3/2)kT per molecule, (3/2)nRT for n moles
RMS Velocity: v_rms = √(3RT/M)
Degrees of Freedom: Monoatomic (3), diatomic (5), polyatomic (6)
Specific Heats: C_P - C_V = R, γ = C_P/C_V

Unit 10: Oscillations & Waves

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

SHM: x = Asin(ωt + φ), v = Aωcos(ωt + φ), a = -ω²x
Simple Pendulum: T = 2π√(L/g)
Spring-Mass System: T = 2π√(m/k)
Wave Motion: y = Asin(kx - ωt), v = fλ
Standing Waves: Nodes, antinodes, harmonics
Doppler Effect: f' = f(v ± v_o)/(v ∓ v_s)

3. Class 12 Physics Syllabus (10 Units)

Class 12 contributes approximately 55% of Physics questions (24-25 questions). Electrodynamics and Modern Physics are crucial.

Unit 1: Electrostatics ⭐ HIGHEST-YIELD

Weightage: 3-4 Questions

Electric Charge: Conservation, quantization (q = ne)
Coulomb's Law: F = kq₁q₂/r², where k = 9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C²
Electric Field: E = F/q, field due to point charge, dipole
Electric Dipole: p = qd, torque τ = pEsinθ, potential energy U = -pEcosθ
Gauss's Law: ∮E·dA = Q_enc/ε₀
Electric Potential: V = kQ/r, potential difference, equipotential surfaces
Capacitance: C = Q/V, parallel plate capacitor C = ε₀A/d
Energy Stored: U = ½CV² = ½QV = Q²/2C
Dielectrics: C' = KC, polarization

Unit 2: Current Electricity ⭐ HIGHEST-YIELD

Weightage: 3-4 Questions

Electric Current: I = Q/t = nAv_de
Ohm's Law: V = IR, resistance R = ρL/A
Resistivity: Temperature dependence ρ = ρ₀(1 + αΔT)
Combination of Resistors: Series R_eq = R₁ + R₂, Parallel 1/R_eq = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂
Kirchhoff's Laws: Junction rule (ΣI = 0), Loop rule (ΣV = 0)
Wheatstone Bridge: P/Q = R/S (balanced condition)
Potentiometer: Comparison of EMFs, internal resistance
Electrical Power: P = VI = I²R = V²/R

Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Biot-Savart Law: dB = (μ₀/4π)(Idl × r̂)/r²
Magnetic Field: Due to straight wire B = μ₀I/2πr, circular loop B = μ₀I/2R
Ampere's Law: ∮B·dl = μ₀I_enc
Solenoid: B = μ₀nI
Force on Current: F = IL × B, force between parallel wires
Force on Moving Charge: F = qv × B (Lorentz force)
Cyclotron: r = mv/qB, T = 2πm/qB
Moving Coil Galvanometer: Sensitivity, figure of merit

Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction & AC

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Faraday's Laws: ε = -dΦ/dt, Φ = BAcosθ
Lenz's Law: Direction of induced EMF
Self-Inductance: ε = -L(dI/dt), energy U = ½LI²
Mutual Inductance: ε₂ = -M(dI₁/dt)
AC Circuits: Impedance Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²)
Resonance: f₀ = 1/2π√(LC)
Transformers: V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p

Unit 5: Electromagnetic Waves

Weightage: 0-1 Questions

Displacement current, Maxwell's equations
EM spectrum: Radio, microwave, infrared, visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays
Properties and applications of each type

Unit 6: Optics ⭐ HIGHEST-YIELD

Weightage: 3-4 Questions

Ray Optics

Reflection: Plane and spherical mirrors, mirror formula 1/v + 1/u = 1/f
Refraction: Snell's law n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂, critical angle, TIR
Lenses: Lens formula, power P = 1/f, magnification
Prism: Deviation δ = (μ-1)A, dispersion
Optical Instruments: Microscope, telescope magnification

Wave Optics

Huygens' Principle: Wavefront propagation
Interference: Young's double slit, fringe width β = λD/d
Diffraction: Single slit, angular width θ = λ/a
Polarization: Brewster's law tanθ_p = n, Malus' law I = I₀cos²θ

Unit 7: Dual Nature of Matter & Radiation ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Photoelectric Effect: hν = Φ + KE_max, threshold frequency ν₀ = Φ/h
Stopping Potential: eV₀ = KE_max
Photon: Energy E = hν = hc/λ, momentum p = h/λ
de Broglie Wavelength: λ = h/p = h/mv
Davisson-Germer Experiment: Verification of wave nature

Unit 8: Atoms & Nuclei ⭐ HIGH-YIELD

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Bohr Model: r_n = n²a₀, E_n = -13.6/n² eV
Hydrogen Spectrum: Lyman, Balmer, Paschen series
Nuclear Properties: Mass number A, atomic number Z, isotopes
Radioactivity: α, β, γ decay, N = N₀e^-λt
Half-Life: T_½ = 0.693/λ
Mass Defect: Δm = [Zm_p + (A-Z)m_n] - M
Binding Energy: BE = Δmc², BE per nucleon
Nuclear Reactions: Fission, fusion, Q-value

Unit 9: Electronic Devices

Weightage: 2-3 Questions

Semiconductors: Intrinsic, extrinsic (n-type, p-type)
p-n Junction: Formation, depletion region, barrier potential
Diode: Forward/reverse bias, I-V characteristics
Rectifier: Half-wave, full-wave, efficiency
Zener Diode: Voltage regulation
Transistor: npn, pnp, CE amplifier, voltage gain
Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, truth tables

4. Chapter-Wise Weightage Analysis (2020-2025)

Chapter	Average Questions	Importance
Current Electricity	3-4	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Electrostatics	3-4	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Optics (Ray + Wave)	3-4	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Modern Physics (Atoms, Nuclei, Dual Nature)	4-6	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Mechanics (Kinematics, Laws, Work-Energy)	6-8	⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Rotational Motion	2-3	⭐⭐⭐⭐
Thermodynamics	2-3	⭐⭐⭐⭐
EMI & AC	2-3	⭐⭐⭐⭐
Magnetic Effects	2-3	⭐⭐⭐⭐
Electronic Devices	2-3	⭐⭐⭐
Oscillations & Waves	2-3	⭐⭐⭐
Gravitation	1-2	⭐⭐⭐
Properties of Matter	1-2	⭐⭐
Kinetic Theory	1-2	⭐⭐
EM Waves	0-1	⭐
Physical World	0-1	⭐

5. Physics Preparation Strategy

Phase 1: Foundation (Days 1-40)

Read NCERT Class 11 & 12 thoroughly
Understand concepts before formulas
Solve NCERT examples and exercises
Make formula sheets for each chapter

Phase 2: Practice (Days 41-100)

Solve HC Verma for conceptual problems
Practice numerical problems (DC Pandey)
Attempt previous year questions (2015-2025)
Target 500+ physics problems

Phase 3: Mastery (Days 101-150)

Take subject-wise mock tests
Analyze weak chapters and revise
Practice time management (1 min/question)
Focus on high-yield topics

Essential Books

NCERT Class 11 & 12 - Must for concepts (primary)
Concepts of Physics - HC Verma - Conceptual understanding
Objective Physics - DC Pandey - Problem practice
Previous Year Papers - Last 10 years essential

Conclusion

NEET Physics requires conceptual clarity + numerical practice. Focus strategy:

Master Mechanics & Electrodynamics - 50% of Physics marks
Learn all formulas systematically - Make chapter-wise formula sheets
Practice 1000+ numerical problems - Build speed and accuracy
Solve last 10 years PYQs - Understand question patterns

Target Score: 140-160/180 is achievable with thorough NCERT + 500 PYQs + 20 mock tests